Real-world systems
Artificial general intelligence is the ability to perform intellectual tasks such as learning and understanding any kind of information. It can also be considered as the ability to think like a human, and to make choices and decisions for the sake of a human-like purpose. This type of AI can solve enormous problems, and can be used to mass influence a society for economic gain.
Several research institutes have put considerable focus on this topic. For instance, the Machine Intelligence Research Institute (formerly the Singularity Institute for AI), Carnegie Mellon, RPI, and IDSIA in Switzerland are focusing on AGI. Some researchers have expressed concerns about the development of AGI, as it may lead to the creation of a superhuman. Others have pointed out that it could pose a threat to national security.
The goal of the AGI community is to develop systems that are capable of thinking like a human. However, the actual definition of “artificial general intelligence” has not been finalized. Various research groups have used different definitions to define this field. While some have said that it has an open-ended nature, others have argued that it should be restricted to specific tasks and environments.
One important difference between the real-world systems and the artificial systems that are being developed is the extent to which the systems are capable of recognizing, storing, and outputting symbolic entities. Symbolic reasoning systems have been developed since the 1950s. They are usually created in the spirit of the physical symbol system hypothesis, which states that the mind is mainly a manipulator of symbols. Subsymbolic dynamics is another technique that has been used to simulate neural networks, which are the main components of the human brain. These architectures have not yet been able to demonstrate high-level functions, but they are strong at recognizing patterns in high-dimensional data.
Although the human brain is a good model for AGI, there is still a great deal of mystery surrounding how it works. In order to understand how it works, many researchers are studying the human brain’s structure and function. Researchers are also looking into replicating basic brain functions. If this is done, medical advances may be possible.
Generally, the term artificial general intelligence is most often associated with Ben Goertzel, who is an interviewer for the Machine Intelligence Research Institute, and the author of Artificial General Intelligence. Many researchers regard the study of consciousness as essential to the development of AGI. There are a number of recent research institutes that have started to focus on this topic, and a new university course was offered at MIT and Plovdiv University in Bulgaria.
While the AGI community is gradually forming a consensus on the common properties of the various systems, there is a lack of agreement on the details. One of the major sticking points is the study of time. Understanding the concept of persistence has been a main obstacle for most AGI research.
Real-world systems are biased towards particular goals. For instance, a three-year-old is more proficient at solving open-ended problems than a machine, and a three-year-old is more adept at performing basic tasks than a robot.